What You Need for iOS App Development
A Mac Is Basically Required
First, to develop iOS apps, you basically need a Mac.
There are ways to run macOS as a virtual machine on Windows or to rent a Mac in the cloud, but this site proceeds under the assumption that you already have a Mac.
Developing with Xcode
Development is done using Xcode, the integrated development environment (IDE) provided by Apple.
The main languages supported by Xcode are Swift and Objective-C.
Other languages such as C/C++, Java, and Python are also supported, but on this site we will use Swift.
Having a Real Device Is Also Recommended
Testing can be done to some extent using the simulator, but you will soon want to test features that only work on actual devices.
When learning iOS development, having a device such as an iPhone or iPad is highly recommended.